differences of philippines and indonesia

After an abortive coup in 1965 by alleged communist sympathizers, SOEKARNO was gradually eased from power. Just as Indonesia, Philippine is an archipelago country, comprising more than 7.000 island. World Time Zone Map Knowledge Base. A Tale of Two Countries: Indonesia and Philippines As a rising growth star in the Emerging Market universe and South East Asia region, both Indonesia and Philippines share many similarities. Info. In 2017, Philippine armed forces battled an ISIS-Philippines siege in Marawi City, driving DUTERTE to declare martial law in the region. 561 | October 2018 Kang-Soo Kim … Indonesian songs have longer o’s and u’s, while Tagalog songs have only long o’s. High rank stately visits have been conducted for years. People are so musically talented. Time Zone Abbreviations. Indonesia and the Philippines compared. GREETINGS 3. But Indonesia’s population grows at about one-half the rate of the current Philippine population growth. The Philippines and Indonesia are two of my favorite countries in the world and I’ve spent a combined 9 months in the Philippines and Indonesia over the last half-decade. Index: 10,520.70: 8,775.38: Inefficiency Index: So, I guess its safe to say that I prefer the Philippines. Welcome to the travel bible, in this video we will compare three of my favourite countries in the world – Indonesia, The Philippines and Malaysia, each as … Continued efforts are needed to improve governance, the judicial system, the regulatory environment, the infrastructure, and the overall ease of doing business. They are both amazing countries that I adore so much, and I will always be coming back in the future.While the Philippines and Indonesia have plenty of similarities, I wanted to focus on showing you the differences because it seems that a lot of people get them mixed together. Benigno AQUINO III was elected to a six-year term as president in May 2010 and was succeeded by Rodrigo DUTERTE in May 2016. Time zone conveter Area Codes. Whatever indigenous theatrical forms may have existed in the Philippines, other than tribal epic recitations, were obliterated by the Spanish to facilitate the spread of Christianity. The archipelago gradually adopted Islam between the 13th and 16th centuries. A Map of Southeast Asia, Indonesia is colored orange, Philippines is dark green To be totally honest, Indonesia and Philippines could literally amalgamate to form a country and in fact, that is what some nationalists were planning in the late 20th century, a concept known as Maphilindo (taken from Ma laysia, Phil ippines, Indo nesia). Filipino weddings have Principal and Secondary sponsors while Indonesian weddings have the sponsors under one category. Kelabit Voice: Philippine-type, Indonesian-type or something a bit different’. Transactions of the Philological Society 113 (3): 383-405. World Time Zone Map Knowledge Base. Disaster risk reduction is among the emerging multidisciplinary fields that cut across different sectors of the society, including the education sector. In this article, I'll actually focus on the Philippines' close historical and cultural connections with Indonesia, as one will find extreme mind-blowing similarities between the cultures and histories of both countries. The feeling are harsh, distinct, real, I can feel a critical different between cultures. I love the island-hopping, that English is relatively prevalent, and mostly I love the MUSIC. Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam, Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, slightly less than twice the size of Georgia; slightly larger than Arizona, slightly less than three times the size of Texas, measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines, tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October), tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands, mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands, mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains, timber, petroleum, nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, salt, copper, petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver, uncontrolled deforestation especially in watershed areas; illegal mining and logging; soil erosion; air and water pollution in major urban centers; coral reef degradation; increasing pollution of coastal mangrove swamps that are important fish breeding grounds; coastal erosion; dynamite fishing; wildlife extinction, large-scale deforestation (much of it illegal) and related wildfires cause heavy smog; over-exploitation of marine resources; environmental problems associated with rapid urbanization and economic development, including air pollution, traffic congestion, garbage management, and reliable water and waste water services; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage, population concentrated where good farmlands lie; highest concentrations are northwest and south-central Luzon, the southeastern extension of Luzon, and the islands of the Visayan Sea, particularly Cebu and Negros; Manila is home to one-eighth of the entire national population, major concentration on the island of Java, which is considered one of the most densely populated places on earth; of the outer islands (those surrounding Java and Bali), Sumatra contains some of the most significant clusters, particularly in the south near the Selat Sunda, and along the northeastern coast near Medan; the cities of Makasar (Sulawesi), Banjarmasin (Kalimantan) are also heavily populated, Tagalog 24.4%, Bisaya/Binisaya 11.4%, Cebuano 9.9%, Ilocano 8.8%, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo 8.4%, Bikol/Bicol 6.8%, Waray 4%, other local ethnicity 26.1%, other foreign ethnicity .1%, Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15%, Roman Catholic 80.6%, Protestant 8.2% (includes Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches 2.7%, National Council of Churches in the Philippines 1.2%, other Protestant 4.3%), other Christian 3.4%, Muslim 5.6%, tribal religions .2%, other 1.9%, none .1%, Muslim 87.2%, Protestant 7%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.9% (includes Buddhist and Confucian), unspecified 0.4%, unspecified Filipino (official; based on Tagalog) and English (official); eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan, Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese), 13.923 million MANILA (capital), 1.825 million Davao, 980,000 Cebu City, 917,000 Zamboanga, 881,000 Antipolo, 753,000 Cagayan de Oro City, 10.770 million JAKARTA (capital), 3.394 million Bekasi, 2.944 million Surabaya, 2.580 million Bandung, 2.339 million Tangerang, 2.338 million Medan, 31 provinces (provinsi-provinsi, singular - provinsi), 1 autonomous province*, 1 special region** (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 national capital district*** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta***, Jambi, Jawa Barat (West Java), Jawa Tengah (Central Java), Jawa Timur (East Java), Kalimantan Barat (West Kalimantan), Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan), Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan), Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan), Kalimantan Utara (North Kalimantan), Kepulauan Bangka Belitung (Bangka Belitung Islands), Kepulauan Riau (Riau Islands), Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara (North Maluku), Nusa Tenggara Barat (West Nusa Tenggara), Nusa Tenggara Timur (East Nusa Tenggara), Papua, Papua Barat (West Papua), Riau, Sulawesi Barat (West Sulawesi), Sulawesi Selatan (South Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tengah (Central Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tenggara (Southeast Sulawesi), Sulawesi Utara (North Sulawesi), Sumatera Barat (West Sumatra), Sumatera Selatan (South Sumatra), Sumatera Utara (North Sumatra), Yogyakarta**, 17 August 1945 (declared independence from the Netherlands), Independence Day, 12 June (1898); note - 12 June 1898 was date of declaration of independence from Spain; 4 July 1946 was date of independence from the US, mixed legal system of civil, common, Islamic (sharia), and customary law, civil law system based on the Roman-Dutch model and influenced by customary law, 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age, Democrat Party or PD [Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO], ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, EAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-11, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IORA, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, MSG (associate member), NAM, OECD (enhanced engagement), OIC, OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, Ambassador Jose Manuel del Gallego ROMUALDEZ (since 29 November 2017), Ambassador Muhammad LUTFI (since 17 September 2020), two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red; a white equilateral triangle is based on the hoist side; the center of the triangle displays a yellow sun with eight primary rays; each corner of the triangle contains a small, yellow, five-pointed star; blue stands for peace and justice, red symbolizes courage, the white equal-sided triangle represents equality; the rays recall the first eight provinces that sought independence from Spain, while the stars represent the three major geographical divisions of the country: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao; the design of the flag dates to 1897, two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; the colors derive from the banner of the Majapahit Empire of the 13th-15th centuries; red symbolizes courage, white represents purity, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; withdrew from the ICCt in March 2019, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, three stars and sun, Philippine eagle; national colors: red, white, blue, yellow, garuda (mythical bird); national colors: red, white, semiconductors and electronics assembly, business process outsourcing, food and beverage manufacturing, construction, electric/gas/water supply, chemical products, radio/television/communications equipment and apparatus, petroleum and fuel, textile and garments, non-metallic minerals, basic metal industries, transport equipment, petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instruments and appliances, handicrafts, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, processed food, jewelry, and tourism, rice, fish, livestock, poultry, bananas, coconut/copra, corn, sugarcane, mangoes, pineapple, cassava, rubber and similar products, palm oil, poultry, beef, forest products, shrimp, cocoa, coffee, medicinal herbs, essential oil, fish and its similar products, and spices, semiconductors and electronic products, machinery and transport equipment, wood manufactures, chemicals, processed food and beverages, garments, coconut oil, copper concentrates, seafood, bananas/fruits, mineral fuels, animal or vegetable fats (includes palm oil), electrical machinery, rubber, machinery and mechanical appliance parts, Japan 16.4%, US 14.6%, Hong Kong 13.7%, China 11%, Singapore 6.1%, Thailand 4.3%, Germany 4.1%, South Korea 4%, China 13.6%, US 10.6%, Japan 10.5%, India 8.4%, Singapore 7.6%, Malaysia 5.1%, South Korea 4.8%, electronic products, mineral fuels, machinery and transport equipment, iron and steel, textile fabrics, grains, chemicals, plastic, mineral fuels, boilers, machinery, and mechanical parts, electric machinery, iron and steel, foodstuffs, China 18.1%, Japan 11.4%, South Korea 8.8%, US 7.4%, Thailand 7.1%, Indonesia 6.7%, Singapore 5.9%, China 23.2%, Singapore 10.9%, Japan 10%, Thailand 6%, Malaysia 5.6%, South Korea 5.3%, US 5.2%, note: these figures represent the average annualized rate on working capital loans, multiple national private TV and radio networks; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems available; more than 400 TV stations; about 1,500 cable TV providers with more than 2 million subscribers, and some 1,400 radio stations; the Philippines adopted Japan’s Integrated Service Digital Broadcast – Terrestrial standard for digital terrestrial television in November 2013 and is scheduled to complete the switch from analog to digital broadcasting by the end of 2023, mixture of about a dozen national TV networks - 1 public broadcaster, the remainder private broadcasters - each with multiple transmitters; more than 100 local TV stations; widespread use of satellite and cable TV systems; public radio broadcaster operates 6 national networks, as well as regional and local stations; overall, more than 700 radio stations with more than 650 privately operated, 530 km gas, 138 km oil (non-operational), 185 km refined products, 1064 km condensate, 150 km condensate/gas, 11702 km gas, 119 km liquid petroleum gas, 7767 km oil, 77 km oil/gas/water, 728 km refined products, 53 km unknown, 44 km water, Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP): Army, Navy (includes Marine Corps), Air Force, note: the Philippine Coast Guard is an armed and uniformed service under the Department of Transportation; it would be attached to the AFP in wartime; the Philippine National Police Force (PNP) falls under the Ministry of Interior and Local Government, Indonesian National Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia, TNI): Army (TNI-Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD)), Navy (TNI-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL), includes marines (Korps Marinir, KorMar), naval air arm), Air Force (TNI-Angkatan Udara (TNI-AU)), National Air Defense Command (Komando Pertahanan Udara Nasional (Kohanudnas)), Armed Forces Special Operations Command (Koopssus), Strategic Reserve Command (Kostrad), note:  the Indonesian National Police includes a paramilitary Mobile Brigade Corps (BRIMOB), 18-23 years of age (officers 21-29) for voluntary military service; no conscription, 18-45 years of age for voluntary military service, with selective conscription authorized; 2-year service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 45 (officers); Indonesian citizens only, the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the South China Sea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; during 2018, 10 attacks were reported in and around the Philippines including six ships that were boarded, one fired upon, and three crewman kidnapped for ransom; an emerging threat area lies in the Celebes and Sulu Seas between the Philippines and Malaysia where it is believed the pirates involved are associated with the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) terrorist organization; numerous commercial vessels have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; hijacked vessels are often disguised and cargo diverted to ports in East Asia; crews have been murdered or cast adrift; the Maritime Administration (MARAD) of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2019-011-Sulu and Celebes Seas-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Terrorism) which states in part "In 2018, there were at least 12 reported boardings, attempted boardings, attacks, hijackings, and kidnappings in the Sulu and Celebes Seas. By this metric, the Philippines places 3rd in ASEAN, behind Malaysia and Singapore, in terms of total cases per 1 million people. 24 timezones tz. They culture are different since Japan is a first world country which explains they preserved culture while Philippines was conquered by different countries that explains our different cultures that we adapted. Filipino weddings have Principal and Secondary sponsors while Indonesian weddings have the sponsors under one category. X; World Time. 4. INTRODUCTION This paper will discuss a comparison of music in the Philippines and Sulawesi Island in Indonesia. Let’s hope it stays this way because I have seen and heard anecdotal cases of Western influence creeping into these countries in recent years. During the global financial crisis, Indonesia outperformed its regional neighbors and joined China and India as the only G20 members posting growth. This difference can be partly explained by variances in policy design and political economic conditions that … Time Zone Abbreviations. However, the need to finance rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts in the southern region of Mindanao following the 2017 Marawi City siege may compete with other spending on infrastructure. The Philippines faces increased tension with China over disputed territorial and maritime claims in the South China Sea. )►Instagram @drewbinsky: https://www.instagram.com/drewbinsky/►Snapchat @drewbinsky►Twitter @drewbinsky: https://twitter.com/drewbinskyMORE ABOUT ME:https://drewbinsky.com/about/CONTACT ME: drew (at) drewbinsky (dot) com The Indonesia and Philippines relationship have been traditionally close for many years and this relationship has grown stronger during the history of ASEAN, and its established HQ in Jakarta. Map of the world. Quite different to say Malaysians, despite Indonesian's similarity to Malay. In the Philippines, live music is absolutely everywhere. People of the Philippines are known as being able to tell whether or not someone is being genuine. Which country do you enjoy more? The comedia. I've been to Indonesia twice, and the Philippines over ten times (or more?). These two countries were absolutely similar in terms of aspects; there are also little differences, too. The Philippines vs. Indonesia | Cultural Differences. Her presidency was marred by several corruption allegations but the Philippine economy was one of the few to avoid contraction following the 2008 global financial crisis, expanding each year of her administration. Although the final outcome has yet to be seen, the current administration is shepherding legislation for a comprehensive tax reform program to raise revenues for its ambitious infrastructure spending plan and to promote a more equitable and efficient tax system. This air travel distance is equal to 1,083 miles. Philippines to Indonesia. Philippine shared a border with Indonesia in its southern part in Celebes Sea. In 1637 a play was written to dramatize the recent capture by a Christian Filipino army of an … Copy link. Index: 10,520.70: 8,775.38: Inefficiency Index: 2015. Starting to think about a possible trip for 2-3 weeks to either the Philippines or Indonesia (both of which I have never been to). Fidel RAMOS was elected president in 1992. Differences in DIETJapanese Filipino•A major factor of the •Filipinos eat as many as theyJapanese way of eating is to can.eat until 80% full. Both countries, which are considered Asia's new … Similarities and Differences between Japan and Philippine Cultures 1. Gather all the stats about Budget... and more. These differences become even more noticable if you plan to spend a longer time in the country. astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms each year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis, volcanism: significant volcanic activity; Taal (311 m), which has shown recent unrest and may erupt in the near future, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Mayon (2,462 m), the country's most active volcano, erupted in 2009 forcing over 33,000 to be evacuated; other historically active volcanoes include Biliran, Babuyan Claro, Bulusan, Camiguin, Camiguin de Babuyanes, Didicas, Iraya, Jolo, Kanlaon, Makaturing, Musuan, Parker, Pinatubo, and Ragang; see note 2 under "Geography - note", occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires, volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano and in eruption since 2010, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, and Tambora; see note 2 under "Geography - note", note 1: for decades, the Philippine archipelago was reported as having 7,107 islands; in 2016, the national mapping authority reported that hundreds of new islands had been discovered and increased the number of islands to 7,641 - though not all of the new islands have been verified; the country is favorably located in relation to many of Southeast Asia's main water bodies: the South China Sea, Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea, and Luzon Strait, note 2: Philippines is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire, note 3: the Philippines sits astride the Pacific typhoon belt and an average of 9 typhoons make landfall on the islands each year - with about 5 of these being destructive; the country is the most exposed in the world to tropical storms, note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, note 2: Indonesia is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire, note 3: despite having the fourth largest population in the world, Indonesia is the most heavily forested region on earth after the Amazon, note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia, note: median age at first birth among women 25-29, note: Indonesia has three time zonesetymology: "Jakarta" derives from the Sanscrit "Jayakarta" meaning "victorious city" and refers to a successful defeat and expulsion of the Portuguese in 1527; previously the port had been named "Sunda Kelapa". Indonesia’s annual budget deficit is capped at 3% of GDP, and the Government of Indonesia lowered its debt-to-GDP ratio from a peak of 100% shortly after the Asian financial crisis in 1999 to 34% today. DUTERTE believes that illegal drug use, crime and corruption are key barriers to economic development. The Philippines or Indonesia? Watch later. Malaysia–Philippines relations (Malay: Hubungan Filipina–Malaysia; Filipino: Ugnayang Malayo-Pilipino) refers to foreign relations between Malaysia and the Philippines.The Philippines has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Manila and a consulate general in Davao City.The people of the two neighbouring countries have a long history of cultural and political relations. •Handshakes tend to be weak; this gives noindication of their assertiveness of character. The education systems of Japan and the Philippines are different in terms of various aspects of education. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and financial reforms, stemming corruption, reforming the criminal justice system, addressing climate change, and controlling infectious diseases, particularly those of global and regional importance. Since Philippines and Indonesia currently have equivalent time zones, you can call someone during your normal hours and it will be the same time in Indonesia as it is in Philippines. The administration wants to reduce the poverty rate to 17% and graduate the economy to upper-middle income status by the end of President DUTERTE’s term in 2022. These differences become even more noticable if you plan to spend a longer time in the country. Since then, both countries enjoy cordial bilateral relationship in spirit of kinship. The difference is primarily in title. In a tweet, Dr. Peter Cayton from the University of the Philippines Pandemic Response Team questioned why the Sinovac’s vaccine will be reportedly sold at a higher price in the country. Alone and bedridden with a 102°F fever, I was ru… J A PA N 2. The unemployment rate declined from 7.3% to 5.7% between 2010 and 2017; while there has been some improvement, underemployment remains high at around 17% to 18% of the employed population. Time Converter. The chart on the right shows overlapping times. Country: Philippines (PH) Indonesia (ID) Capital: Manila: Jakarta: Population: 102 984 100: 258 705 000: Area: 300 000 km 2: 1 904 569 km 2: More: Philippines military forces description: Indonesia military forces description: Military expenditures . Indonesia vs Philippines. The air travel (bird fly) shortest distance between Indonesia and Philippines is 1,743 km= 1,083 miles. Japan and Philippines are two different countries located in Asia and one of the differences between them is culture. A Comparison of Music of the Philippines and Sulawesi By: Mohammad Amin I. Although it has improved, the low tax-to-GDP ratio remains a constraint to supporting increasingly higher spending levels and sustaining high and inclusive growth over the longer term. GREETINGS 3. Time Zones. Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in 1998. Since there is a population of Muslim people in the Philippines, those areas tend to be a lot more conservative and it is not appropriate to wear revealing clothing. Indonesia declared its independence shortly before Japan's surrender, but it required four years of sometimes brutal fighting, intermittent negotiations, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. His administration was marked by increased stability and by progress on economic reforms. inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: Communist Party of the Philippines/New People's Army (CPP/NPA): Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) network in Philippines: ISIS-associated Jemaah Anshorut Daulah (JAD): Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) network in Indonesia: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Distribution of family income - Gini index, Stock of direct foreign investment - at home, Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad, Electricity - installed generating capacity, Electricity - from other renewable sources, Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Refugees and internally displaced persons. Indonesia. After street protests toppled SUHARTO in 1998, free and fair legislative elections took place in 1999. X; World Time. note: this figure represents the 3-month SBI rate; the Bank of Indonesia has not employed the one-month SBI since September 2010, Philippines claims sovereignty over Scarborough Reef (also claimed by China together with Taiwan) and over certain of the Spratly Islands, known locally as the Kalayaan (Freedom) Islands, also claimed by China, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Vietnam; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands; Philippines retains a dormant claim to Malaysia's Sabah State in northern Borneo based on the Sultanate of Sulu's granting the Philippines Government power of attorney to pursue a sovereignty claim on his behalf; maritime delimitation negotiations continue with Palau, Indonesia has a stated foreign policy objective of establishing stable fixed land and maritime boundaries with all of its neighbors; three stretches of land borders with Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in the Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries have been established between the countries; all borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches; land and maritime negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime delimitation talks continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two countries in Fall 2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing along their maritime boundary.

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