when did pennsylvania became a state

After the war, Pennsylvania became the second state, after Delaware, to ratify the U.S. Constitution. Many Indian tribes were allied with the French because of their long trading history and opposition to the expansion of the British colonies. The Great Depression finally broke the lock on Republican power in the state, as Democrat Franklin Roosevelt won Pennsylvania's electoral votes in all three of his re-election campaigns. The first of the original 13 states to ratify the federal Constitution, Delaware occupies a small niche in the Boston–Washington, D.C., urban corridor along the Middle Atlantic seaboard. By the early 1600s, Dutch, English and Swedish merchants had established trading posts in the ...read more, Initially colonized by French fur traders, Ohio became a British colonial possession following the French and Indian War in 1754. "A Walk Through the Rise and Fall of Anthracite Might". In July of 1952, Jonas Salk developed the first polio vaccine from the killed virus at the University of Pittsburgh. Thousands of Pennsylvanians volunteered during the Spanish–American War, and many Pennsylvanians fought in the successful campaign against the Spanish in the Philippine Islands. The settlers' pleas for military relief were stymied by a power struggle in Philadelphia between Governor Robert Morris and the Pennsylvania Assembly. During the war, over one million Pennsylvanians served in the armed forces, and more Medals of Honor were awarded to Pennsylvanians than to individuals from any other state. Founded in 1855 as the Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania, Penn State became the state's only land-grant university in 1863. Pennsylvania ratified the U.S. Constitution on December 12, 1787, and was the second state to do so after Delaware. Its gently rolling landscape rises slowly as it extends westward from the ...read more. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). The Pennsylvania Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. During the Philadelphia campaign, the rebel army of George Washington spent the winter of 1777–78 at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. An offshoot of them crossed the Ohio and fought back the ancient Monongahela, but later merged with the Susquahannocks to form a single, expanded territory. The state played an important role in the Union's victory in the American Civil War. Keller, Richard C., "Pennsylvania's Little New Deal", in John Braeman et al. The North American Land Company and its patron, Robert Morris, held some Pennsylvania lands but was vested mostly in upstate New York, former Iroquois territory. The Susquehannock spoke an Iroquoian language and held a region spanning from New York to West Virginia, that went from the area surrounding the Susquehanna River all the way to the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers (about level with modern-day Pittsburgh). Pennsylvania farmers lost some of their political power as other industries emerged in the state, but even in the 2000s agriculture remains one of Pennsylvania's major industries. After having the second most electoral votes since the 18th century, Pennsylvania was eclipsed in electoral votes by California in 1964. When Democratic presidential nominee Hubert Humphrey won Pennsylvania's electoral votes in 1968, he became the first non-Republican since 1824 to win Pennsylvania's votes without winning the presidential election. Printz also built his own home, The Printzhof, on the island. The Pennsylvania colony was one of the 13 original British colonies that became the United States of America. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Several Pennsylvania politicians gained national renown. [3][2] By 1000 C.E., in contrast to their nomadic hunter-gatherer ancestors, the native population of Pennsylvania had developed agricultural techniques and a mixed food economy.[4]. Mountain laurel was designated as Pennsylvania's official state flower in 1933 (mountain laurel is also a symbol of Connecticut). Washington retreated to Fort Necessity and surrendered to a larger French force at the Battle of Fort Necessity. Each of these states was also a former British Colony. It authorized the sale and distribution of the large remaining tracts of land east and west of the Allegheny River in hopes of sparking development of the vast territory. South Carolina: May 23, 1788 8th: The eighth of the original 13 colonies. In the mid-eighteenth century, the colony attracted many German and Scots-Irish immigrants. Pennsylvania will always bear one of the great legacies of any state in the union. When Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Virginia, and Massachusetts became part of the United States, they merely took the old form of state in their title. Lauver, Fred J. CAPITAL: Harrisburg. The growth of the Lehigh Valley has made it one of the seventy most populous metro areas in the country,[56] while Pennsylvania also has six other metro areas among the top 200 most populous American metro areas. GenealogyTrails.com. In the latter half of the 19th century, the U.S. oil industry was born in western Pennsylvania, which supplied the vast majority of kerosene for years thereafter. Coal mining was also a major industry in the state. Pennsylvania also expanded its borders into northwestern, northeastern, and southwestern Pennsylvania, and Pittsburgh grew into one of America's largest and most prominent cities. Most of these tribes were driven off or reduced to remnants as a result of diseases, such as smallpox, that swept through long before any permanent European colonists arrived. [19], Other tribes would pass through, such as the first Shawnee, after they broke away from the Virginian Algonquian tribes along the east coast. Executive authority rested in a Supreme Executive Council whose members were to be appointed by the assembly. The French won the Battle of Fort Duquesne, but after the battle the outnumbered French force demolished Fort Duquesne and retreated from the area. By 1940, African Americans made up almost five percent of the state's population.[41]. [13] They may have been the same as the Monongahela Culture and very little is known about them, except that they were probably a Siouan culture. The constitution called for a unicameral legislature or Assembly. [41], The era after the Civil War, known as the Gilded Age, saw the continued rise of industry in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania also experienced the Great Migration, in which millions of African Americans migrated from the southern United States to other locations in the United States. Eventually, the eight-hour day was adopted, and the "coal and iron police" were banned. In 1681, William Penn, a Quaker, established a colony based on religious tolerance; it was settled by many Quakers along with its chief city Philadelphia, which was also the first planned city. Mountain Laurel Facts. Morris wanted to send military forces to the frontier, but the Assembly, whose leadership included Benjamin Franklin, refused to grant the funds unless Morris agreed to the taxation of the proprietary lands, the vast tracts still owned by the Penn family and others. Their territory ended somewhere between the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers, within the state bounds. In the 1864 election, President Lincoln narrowly defeated Pennsylvania native George B. McClellan for the state's electoral votes.[40]. European exploration of the North America continued in the 16th century, and the area now known as Pennsylvania was mapped by the French and labeled L'arcadia, or "wooded coast", during Giovanni da Verrazzano's voyage in 1524. The state continued to innovate, as Pennsylvanians invented the first iron and steel t-rails, iron bridges, air brakes, switching signals, and drawn metal wires. [22] Even before large-scale European settlement, the Native American tribes in Pennsylvania engaged in trade with Europeans, and the fur trade was a major motivation for the European colonization of North America. Captain John Smith in 1614 explored the ...read more, One of the original 13 colonies, Maryland lies at the center of the Eastern Seaboard, amid the great commercial and population complex that stretches from Maine to Virginia. Additionally, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was founded in 1879 as the flagship American Indian boarding school. [3][25], In order to give his new province access to the ocean, Penn had leased the proprietary rights of the King Charles II's brother, James, Duke of York, to the "three lower counties" (now the state of Delaware) on the Delaware River. In 1681, when King Charles II granted William Penn, a Quaker, the vast tract of land that includes present-day Pennsylvania, the grant had strings attached: Penn was required to repay … massive loss in population caused by disease, European exploration of the North America, George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, second most populous city in the United States, in all three of his re-election campaigns, 2012 presidential election result in Pennsylvania, usually controlled both houses of the legislature, top ten most populous cities in the United States, History of the Northeastern United States, History of the Townships of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, History of Veterinary Medicine in Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Woman's Convention at West Chester in 1852, List of newspapers in Pennsylvania in the 18th-century, "Paleoindian Period – 16,000 to 10,000 years ago", Ancient Pa. Dwelling Still Dividing Archaeologists, "Pennsylvania on the Eve of Colonization", "Late Woodland Period in the Susquehanna and Delaware River Valleys", http://www.ontarioarchaeology.on.ca/.../Publications/oa51-2-steckley.pdf, "Chapter 4: Dispossession, Dispersal, and Persistence", Pennsylvania ratifies the Constitution of 1787, "From Independence to the Civil War: 1776–1861", "Chapter Two: Staying the "Battle Axe of Ignorance": The Rise of Public Education", "The Era of Industrial Ascendancy: 1861–1945", "Chapter One: 1. Pennsylvania's residents generally supported the protests common to all 13 colonies after the Proclamation of 1763 and the Stamp Act were passed, and Pennsylvania sent delegates to the Stamp Act Congress in 1765 Philadelphia hosted the first and second Continental Congresses, the latter of which resulted in the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in Independence Hall in 1776.

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